The main technological tendencies

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• Virtualization and "cloud" calculations: more efficient use of resources and transfer of applications to work on remote computers in a mode of a lease or outsourcing.
• Implementation of mobile solutions at the corporate level: the use of smartphones and tablet computers for the  performance of corporate applications.
• Remote launch of the office applications using the Internet: using the Internet for access to office applications.
• Visualization: the emergence of the available 2D and 3D tools for visualizing of processes, phenomena and the behavior of objects, including a Web-based environment.
• Mobile data transmission technologies: the implementation of 3G and 4G.

Experts believe that sooner or later the “cloud” model of the software usage will cover the entire business.The most progressive companies will acquire it in 2011.The trend will dominate not just one but a few years until it breaks the thinking of large companies that do not tend to trust third parties the access to their secrets.The risk of leakage really exists, especially when purchasing SOA-ready solutions built on a combination of the own and outsourcing programs (that union often does not meet the safety requirements).  The computer world will fracture, similar to what happened to the web users –when they began not only to consume, but also to produce information. For companies such a transition is expected in 2011, when they begin to exchange and share information, including the usage of the "cloud".

Consequences from the “cloud” model implementationfor schools are enormous: schools do not have such an infrastructure as universities have, but the problem to develop multi-user corporate environments exists. Consequently, we can consider as the basis the following architecture. The school will use the computing powers and applications remotely on a rental basis or usу resource centers networks that serve the schools. For such an architecture implementation, it will be necessary to provide each school with the high-speed channel for network connection.

Mobile solutions are starting to be used at the corporate level. But, even if IT-specialists have a certain craving for novelties, analysts warn against using new platforms for smartphones. Apple, Google and Microsoft are still looking for new approaches, so none of the systems is stable enough to build the company's work on its basis. In 2011, the best solution would be to abandon the use of all new products and continue to use reliable RIM Blackberry or Windows Mobile 6.

What is going on from the perspective of consumer

Life "on-line": the ability to be always "in touch" and to have access to information sources

Life without mediators: removing barriers between the source of information or goods and the consumer - direct communication of the author and the reader, the seller and the buyer, the teacher and the student is provided.

Life in the virtual environment of like-minded: the use of social networks and blogsservices to communicate in interest groups, the joint creation of Web resources (wiki wiki), online games

All in one: the union of services and content in a single device, huge opportunities for access to knowledge.

At present moment, a real need for education "at any timeand in any place" has formed This reality requires a rethinking of traditional lecture and practice models in universities and lesson model in schools. There is a necessity to move towards mixed model, where a part of lessons is displayed in virtual mode.And to realize this it is necessary to have the educatory environments with high-quality training materials, testing systems, portals, services, video streaming, webinars, sending SMS etc. In addition, it is necessary to have counselors, instructors, who will work in such environments.

Global trends: more and more students have laptops, smartphones and tablets. This means that educational institutions should create an infrastructure and be ready to organize educational process in such a way that educational resources were available with personal computers.We will revise the traditional usage of computer classes and access-to-electronic-resources centers, which are libraries. Our analysis shows that over 50% of the time in the computer labs is used for office applications and training programs, i.e. applications that can be easily run on laptops. However, of course,it will be necessary to change the existing practice of giving assignments and the results saving.

Blogs and wikis

Virtual environments create new opportunities for professors to form educational resources that they find most useful. The professors can edit, add, or otherwise customize the material for their own purposes, so their studentsreceive the adapted material.These resources are in many cases complement the official textbook and in the coming years can become a major educational source. However, this approach often challenges to traditional concepts of copyright and intellectual property rights.

Games

Multiplayer online games is very common among young people, games provide an opportunity for the expansion of social interaction and civic engagement among young people. The phenomenal success of games with an emphasis on active participation, with advancedmotivation-for-interaction support indicates that educational games could be used more effectively to enhance interest in learning and motivation of students.

Social networks

Although relatively young, social networks have already become a global phenomenon. In all regions of the world, in countries with different levels of economic development, people going to the Internet, use social networks. And this is especially true for the youth/

Worldwide the use of all these technologies is more characteristic of the educated youth. In particular, people,mostly, under 30 who have a higher education use the Internet and possess mobile phones. Significant age and educational differences are also typical for  computer and e-mail users.Surveys on activity of Internet users indicate that a relatively small involvement in social networks is typical for economically less developed countries, it is mainly due to the fact that the population in the mass does not have access to the network, rather than lack of interest in social networks.

FTPED (Federal Target Program for Education Development) for 2011-2015: results

• Creation of an information system of the educational sphere.
• Provision of educational institutions, which implement training programs and modern technology with modern hardware and software
• Development of existing hardware and software.
• The implementation and the effective use of new information services, systems and learning technologies, electronic educational resources of the new generation.
• The mechanisms to ensure complex electronic monitoring with the use of  the passport of educational institutions are developed and implemented.
• 100% of parents (of students) with access to the Internet will be able to receive electronic information on the academic achievements of their children.
• 100% of citizens with access to the Internet, will be able to receive electronic information about the activities of educational institutions and the quality of services
• The use of ICT (расшифровать) will ensure a reduction of at least 20% of time and administrative costs of the educational institutions in the preparation of accounting information.
• Establishment of information systems providing control processeson activities and evaluating the quality of education

The advantages of using IT (Information Technology):

• Quality improvement of educational process by using the available information, the increase of learners’ motivation and the creative activity of the professors.
• Increase of the educational process efficiency on the basis of its individualization and intensification.
• Implementation of new educational technologies - developmental and project teaching , business games, visualization, simulation, long-distance learning.
• Integration of different activities (educational, research, scientific).
• Reduction of the student’s dependence on the professor.
• The use  of knowledge control methods based on computer testing

Individual approach to each student

Information systems are based on data and knowledge bases, which are maintained throughout the activity of an educational institution, so there is information on the assessment of knowledge of prior learning. This information can be used to adapt the current curriculum to a particular student (understand what he knows better, worse, to regulate the learning content, plan tutorials, advise to explore additional material, etc.).Such data allow to identify strong and weak students quickly, understand the needs of both and build personal programs for them.

IT change the role of the professor

The professors turn from a single knowledge carrier to an educational manager and counselor, directing and controlling the students' efforts to master the program - through individual assignments, identification of appropriate learning resources, creation of joint training opportunities, as well as providing their understanding of the material and advisory support both at full-time tuition, and in educational environments and virtual interaction.These changes are easier to voice than to implement, and, ultimately, the success or failure of the new approach depends on the human factor and the willingness of professors to enter the virtual classrooms and environments.

• In the UK the improvement in the quality of knowledge, depending on the time spent at the computer equipment or the ICT facilities is not revealed
• Non-linear relationship between education and the effect of IT investments
• Availability of IT resources: goal PC: Y (Personal Computer)= 1:10 (in Shioda (Boarding school for gifted children) 1:7) and internet access 10 MB/s (Shioda (Boarding school for gifted children) 4 Mb/s)
• The use of projectors : the goal - not less than 50% of classrooms with projectors
• DER (Digital Educational Resources) : the demand does not stimulate the creation of high quality learning resources in digital form, with free access
• Competencies: it is necessary to have a significant quantity of professors willing to work in a new way, and stimulation of activity.

Only in the case when the implementation of IT is aimed at development of skills and competencies of students, improvement of the quality of education can be expected. In the first stage, when the investments are aimed at equipping the classes with computers with the purpose to adequately organize the educational process in the IT and in teaching “not on fingers”, the effect is shown very clearly - in fact, it is the organization of computer science education and formation of information culture skills – it is the use of office applications and Internet access.

Usually, it is necessary to have only one informatics class in school and access to the Internet with speed sufficient for mail, site creation and access to information portals. Further investments in ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) , such as in digital resources of disciplines, do not usually have a direct effect on educational result, everything  is limited by one computer science class. Many countries faced with the problem  where there is  one computer per five students,. This is also true for business sphere.

" ["plain"]=> string(12200) "

• Virtualization and "cloud" calculations: more efficient use of resources and transfer of applications to work on remote computers in a mode of a lease or outsourcing.
• Implementation of mobile solutions at the corporate level: the use of smartphones and tablet computers for the  performance of corporate applications.
• Remote launch of the office applications using the Internet: using the Internet for access to office applications.
• Visualization: the emergence of the available 2D and 3D tools for visualizing of processes, phenomena and the behavior of objects, including a Web-based environment.
• Mobile data transmission technologies: the implementation of 3G and 4G.

Experts believe that sooner or later the “cloud” model of the software usage will cover the entire business.The most progressive companies will acquire it in 2011.The trend will dominate not just one but a few years until it breaks the thinking of large companies that do not tend to trust third parties the access to their secrets.The risk of leakage really exists, especially when purchasing SOA-ready solutions built on a combination of the own and outsourcing programs (that union often does not meet the safety requirements).  The computer world will fracture, similar to what happened to the web users –when they began not only to consume, but also to produce information. For companies such a transition is expected in 2011, when they begin to exchange and share information, including the usage of the "cloud".

Consequences from the “cloud” model implementationfor schools are enormous: schools do not have such an infrastructure as universities have, but the problem to develop multi-user corporate environments exists. Consequently, we can consider as the basis the following architecture. The school will use the computing powers and applications remotely on a rental basis or usу resource centers networks that serve the schools. For such an architecture implementation, it will be necessary to provide each school with the high-speed channel for network connection.

Mobile solutions are starting to be used at the corporate level. But, even if IT-specialists have a certain craving for novelties, analysts warn against using new platforms for smartphones. Apple, Google and Microsoft are still looking for new approaches, so none of the systems is stable enough to build the company's work on its basis. In 2011, the best solution would be to abandon the use of all new products and continue to use reliable RIM Blackberry or Windows Mobile 6.

What is going on from the perspective of consumer

Life "on-line": the ability to be always "in touch" and to have access to information sources

Life without mediators: removing barriers between the source of information or goods and the consumer - direct communication of the author and the reader, the seller and the buyer, the teacher and the student is provided.

Life in the virtual environment of like-minded: the use of social networks and blogsservices to communicate in interest groups, the joint creation of Web resources (wiki wiki), online games

All in one: the union of services and content in a single device, huge opportunities for access to knowledge.

At present moment, a real need for education "at any timeand in any place" has formed This reality requires a rethinking of traditional lecture and practice models in universities and lesson model in schools. There is a necessity to move towards mixed model, where a part of lessons is displayed in virtual mode.And to realize this it is necessary to have the educatory environments with high-quality training materials, testing systems, portals, services, video streaming, webinars, sending SMS etc. In addition, it is necessary to have counselors, instructors, who will work in such environments.

Global trends: more and more students have laptops, smartphones and tablets. This means that educational institutions should create an infrastructure and be ready to organize educational process in such a way that educational resources were available with personal computers.We will revise the traditional usage of computer classes and access-to-electronic-resources centers, which are libraries. Our analysis shows that over 50% of the time in the computer labs is used for office applications and training programs, i.e. applications that can be easily run on laptops. However, of course,it will be necessary to change the existing practice of giving assignments and the results saving.

Blogs and wikis

Virtual environments create new opportunities for professors to form educational resources that they find most useful. The professors can edit, add, or otherwise customize the material for their own purposes, so their studentsreceive the adapted material.These resources are in many cases complement the official textbook and in the coming years can become a major educational source. However, this approach often challenges to traditional concepts of copyright and intellectual property rights.

Games

Multiplayer online games is very common among young people, games provide an opportunity for the expansion of social interaction and civic engagement among young people. The phenomenal success of games with an emphasis on active participation, with advancedmotivation-for-interaction support indicates that educational games could be used more effectively to enhance interest in learning and motivation of students.

Social networks

Although relatively young, social networks have already become a global phenomenon. In all regions of the world, in countries with different levels of economic development, people going to the Internet, use social networks. And this is especially true for the youth/

Worldwide the use of all these technologies is more characteristic of the educated youth. In particular, people,mostly, under 30 who have a higher education use the Internet and possess mobile phones. Significant age and educational differences are also typical for  computer and e-mail users.Surveys on activity of Internet users indicate that a relatively small involvement in social networks is typical for economically less developed countries, it is mainly due to the fact that the population in the mass does not have access to the network, rather than lack of interest in social networks.

FTPED (Federal Target Program for Education Development) for 2011-2015: results

• Creation of an information system of the educational sphere.
• Provision of educational institutions, which implement training programs and modern technology with modern hardware and software
• Development of existing hardware and software.
• The implementation and the effective use of new information services, systems and learning technologies, electronic educational resources of the new generation.
• The mechanisms to ensure complex electronic monitoring with the use of  the passport of educational institutions are developed and implemented.
• 100% of parents (of students) with access to the Internet will be able to receive electronic information on the academic achievements of their children.
• 100% of citizens with access to the Internet, will be able to receive electronic information about the activities of educational institutions and the quality of services
• The use of ICT (расшифровать) will ensure a reduction of at least 20% of time and administrative costs of the educational institutions in the preparation of accounting information.
• Establishment of information systems providing control processeson activities and evaluating the quality of education

The advantages of using IT (Information Technology):

• Quality improvement of educational process by using the available information, the increase of learners’ motivation and the creative activity of the professors.
• Increase of the educational process efficiency on the basis of its individualization and intensification.
• Implementation of new educational technologies - developmental and project teaching , business games, visualization, simulation, long-distance learning.
• Integration of different activities (educational, research, scientific).
• Reduction of the student’s dependence on the professor.
• The use  of knowledge control methods based on computer testing

Individual approach to each student

Information systems are based on data and knowledge bases, which are maintained throughout the activity of an educational institution, so there is information on the assessment of knowledge of prior learning. This information can be used to adapt the current curriculum to a particular student (understand what he knows better, worse, to regulate the learning content, plan tutorials, advise to explore additional material, etc.).Such data allow to identify strong and weak students quickly, understand the needs of both and build personal programs for them.

IT change the role of the professor

The professors turn from a single knowledge carrier to an educational manager and counselor, directing and controlling the students' efforts to master the program - through individual assignments, identification of appropriate learning resources, creation of joint training opportunities, as well as providing their understanding of the material and advisory support both at full-time tuition, and in educational environments and virtual interaction.These changes are easier to voice than to implement, and, ultimately, the success or failure of the new approach depends on the human factor and the willingness of professors to enter the virtual classrooms and environments.

• In the UK the improvement in the quality of knowledge, depending on the time spent at the computer equipment or the ICT facilities is not revealed
• Non-linear relationship between education and the effect of IT investments
• Availability of IT resources: goal PC: Y (Personal Computer)= 1:10 (in Shioda (Boarding school for gifted children) 1:7) and internet access 10 MB/s (Shioda (Boarding school for gifted children) 4 Mb/s)
• The use of projectors : the goal - not less than 50% of classrooms with projectors
• DER (Digital Educational Resources) : the demand does not stimulate the creation of high quality learning resources in digital form, with free access
• Competencies: it is necessary to have a significant quantity of professors willing to work in a new way, and stimulation of activity.

Only in the case when the implementation of IT is aimed at development of skills and competencies of students, improvement of the quality of education can be expected. In the first stage, when the investments are aimed at equipping the classes with computers with the purpose to adequately organize the educational process in the IT and in teaching “not on fingers”, the effect is shown very clearly - in fact, it is the organization of computer science education and formation of information culture skills – it is the use of office applications and Internet access.

Usually, it is necessary to have only one informatics class in school and access to the Internet with speed sufficient for mail, site creation and access to information portals. Further investments in ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) , such as in digital resources of disciplines, do not usually have a direct effect on educational result, everything  is limited by one computer science class. Many countries faced with the problem  where there is  one computer per five students,. This is also true for business sphere.

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